Martial Arts

1. بىر قېتىملىق مەشىققە قاتناشسام بولامدۇ؟

   Bir qé-tim-liq me-shiq-qe qat-na-shsam bo-lam-du?

   May I join a single training session?

   Usage

   The opening line at a training hall or gym. Even where monthly dues are the norm, a one-off visit is often allowed. "Meshiq" is the general word for practice or training and applies to any sport, not just combat ones

   Grammar Note

   "Conditional in -sa / -se + bolamdu?" is the standard way to ask permission. The dative -qe attaches to "meshiq", and the doubled consonant in "meshiqqe" results from assimilation

2. ئاۋۋال مەشىقنى كۆرۈۋالسام بولامدۇ؟

   Aw-wal me-shiq-ni kö-rü-wal-sam bo-lam-du?

   May I watch the practice first?

   Usage

   Use this when you want to gauge the atmosphere and the instructor before committing. A request to watch is almost never refused, and you may well be offered tea. Always ask separately before filming, since other members will be in shot: "süretke alsam bolamdu?"

   Grammar Note

   The auxiliary "almaq" after "verb + -w / -iw" adds the sense of doing something for one's own benefit: "körüwalmaq" = to have a good look. The accusative -ni marks a definite object

3. قولقاپ ئىجارىگە بېرەمسىلەر؟

   Qol-qap i-ja-ri-ge bé-rem-si-ler?

   Do you rent out gloves?

   Usage

   Formal rental schemes are uncommon; in practice the hall simply lends you its shared gear. Chüresh, the traditional wrestling, needs no protective equipment at all — loose clothing and a strong sash suffice. A mouthguard is the one item to bring yourself, for hygiene

   Grammar Note

   "Qol" (hand) plus "qap" (cover) gives "glove". "Ijarige bermek" is to rent out (their side) while "ijarige almaq" is to rent from (your side); asking the hall, you use the former

4. مەن پۈتۈنلەي يېڭى باشلىغۇچى.

   Men pü-tün-ley yé-ngi bash-li-ghu-chi.

   I am a complete beginner.

   Usage

   Say this first. Many who practise chüresh have done so since childhood, so the gap between a novice and a regular is wide; without a word you may be paired as an equal. Declaring yourself a beginner gets you a safer session

   Grammar Note

   The suffix -ghuchi / -güchi turns a verb into an agent noun: "bashlimaq" (to begin) → "bashlighuchi" (beginner). No copula is needed for a nominal predicate — "men" plus a noun is a full sentence

5. بىر ئاز يېنىك قىلىڭ.

   Bir az yé-nik qi-ling.

   Please take it a bit lighter.

   Usage

   The shortest way to ask for lower intensity in grappling or drilling. Sessions tend to ramp up, so speak the moment it is too much. To ask for the opposite, say "qattiqraq qiling" (make it harder)

   Grammar Note

   The polite imperative adds -ing / -ng to the stem: "qil-" → "qiling"; with someone close, the bare stem "qil" is enough. Comparatives add -raq / -rek to the adjective: "yénik" → "yénikrek"

6. تىزىم ئاغرىيدۇ، تەپمە ھەرىكەتلەرنى قىلالمايمەن.

   Ti-zim agh-ri-y-du, tep-me he-ri-ket-ler-ni qi-lal-may-men.

   My knee hurts, so I cannot do the kicking movements.

   Usage

   Always say this before starting. Swap "tiz" (knee) for "müre" (shoulder), "bel" (lower back) or "oshuq" (ankle). There is no intake form anywhere, so speaking up is the only way to flag anything, and mats are often thin

   Grammar Note

   Possession is a personal suffix on the noun: "tiz" → "tizim" (my knee). The negative of ability is "verb + -almay + person": "qilalmaymen" = I am unable to do it

7. ئايلىق ھەققى قانچە، بىر قېتىملىقى قانچە؟

   Ay-liq heq-qi qan-che, bir qé-tim-li-qi qan-che?

   How much is the monthly fee, and how much for one session?

   Usage

   Monthly dues and pay-per-session usually coexist, and a month works out cheaper for a longer stay. QR-code payment on a phone is widespread, but a visitor is safest carrying cash. Repeat the figure back to confirm you heard it right

   Grammar Note

   The suffix -liq turns "ay" (month) into "ayliq" (monthly); the same pattern gives "künlük" (daily) and "yilliq" (yearly). "Heq" takes the third-person possessive -i, becoming "heqqi"

8. ئاياللار ئۈچۈن ئايرىم دەرس بارمۇ؟

   A-yal-lar ü-chün ay-rim ders bar-mu?

   Is there a separate class for women?

   Usage

   Traditional wrestling such as chüresh is a men's practice, but judo, taekwondo and boxing clubs often run women's classes. In mixed sessions some places avoid pairing men and women for grappling, so it is worth checking in advance

   Grammar Note

   The postposition "üchün" follows its noun to mean "for". Existence questions are "bar" (there is) plus the particle -mu, giving "barmu?"; the negative answer is "yoq"

9. مەشىق ۋاقتى جەدۋىلىنى قەيەردىن كۆرەلەيمەن؟

   Me-shiq waq-ti jed-wi-li-ni qe-yer-din kö-re-ley-men?

   Where can I see the training timetable?

   Usage

   The timetable is usually posted at the entrance or simply told to you by the instructor. In summer, classes shift to early morning and evening to avoid the midday heat; in winter everything moves indoors. During the fasting month training often moves to the night, so check on the day

   Grammar Note

   The potential form is "verb + -ala / -ele + person": "köreleymen" = I am able to see. "Qeyer" (where) takes the ablative -din to give "from where"

10. بۇ ئۇسۇلنى يەنە بىر قېتىم كۆرسىتىپ بېرەمسىز؟

    Bu u-sul-ni ye-ne bir qé-tim kör-si-tip bé-rem-siz?

    Could you show me this technique once more?

    Usage

    The most useful line when words run out. "Usul" means a technique or method and works for grappling and striking alike. Adding "asta" (slowly) makes the request clearer still

    Grammar Note

    The auxiliary "bermek" (to give) after "verb + -ip" adds a benefactive nuance: do it for me. The ending -siz is the polite second person, used with strangers and elders

11. قاچان سپارىڭ قىلالايمەن؟

    Qa-chan spa-ring qi-la-lay-men?

    When will I be able to spar?

    Usage

    Whether you go live is the instructor's call; beginners start with breakfalls and basic grips. Let them decide rather than pushing to join. Traditional wrestling like chüresh has no separate category called sparring — you simply take grips and throw

    Grammar Note

    "Qilmaq" (to do) pairs with a noun to form verb phrases. Inserting the potential -ala gives "qilalaymen", I am able to do it

12. دۇش ۋە كىيىم ئالماشتۇرۇش ئۆيى بارمۇ؟

    Dush we ki-yim al-mash-tu-rush ö-yi bar-mu?

    Is there a shower and a changing room?

    Usage

    Newer facilities have showers, but an older hall may offer only somewhere to change. The climate is very dry and summer days approach 40 degrees, so bring a change of clothes, a towel and water. Winter stays below freezing, so do not step outside in sweat-soaked clothing

    Grammar Note

    The suffix -ush / -üsh forms a verbal noun that can modify the following noun: "almashturush öyi" = the room for changing. "Öy" takes the third-person possessive -i, giving "öyi"

13. چۈرەش مۇسابىقىسىنى قەيەردە كۆرگىلى بولىدۇ؟

    Chü-resh mu-sa-bi-qi-si-ni qe-yer-de kör-gi-li bo-li-du?

    Where can I watch a chüresh wrestling competition?

    Usage

    Chüresh is the Uyghur traditional wrestling: you grip the opponent's sash or jacket and throw, and whoever's back touches the ground loses. Impromptu bouts turn up on bazaar days, at weddings and at festivals, fought inside a ring of onlookers. Fixtures are rarely scheduled, so asking locally is the only reliable way to find one

    Grammar Note

    "Verb + -gili + bolidu" expresses possibility: one can do it. "Musabiqe" takes the third-person possessive and then the accusative, giving "musabiqisini"

14. بەلۋاغنى قانداق تۇتىمەن؟

    Bel-wagh-ni qan-daq tu-ti-men?

    How do I take hold of the sash?

    Usage

    In chüresh every technique begins from how you take the opponent's sash ("belwagh"), so it is the first thing you are taught. The basic hold puts one hand on the sash and the other on the jacket or shoulder; a poor grip transmits no power and is hard on the fingers

    Grammar Note

    "Bel" (waist) plus "bagh" (something that ties) gives "sash". The question word "qandaq" sits before the verb to ask about manner. The present-future is stem plus -imen: "tut-" → "tutimen"

15. قولۇڭنى ئېگىز تۇت، رەقىبىڭنىڭ كۆزىگە قارا.

    Qo-lung-ni é-giz tut, re-qi-bing-ning kö-zi-ge qa-ra.

    Keep your hands high, look into your opponent's eyes.

    Usage

    Said by the instructor. Instructions come as bare second-person-singular commands with the politeness stripped away — not rudeness, but a sign you have been taken in. In grappling the height of your hands decides who wins the grip, so this call comes constantly

    Grammar Note

    The singular imperative is the bare stem: "tutmaq" → "tut", "qarimaq" → "qara". The polite form adds -ing, giving "tutung" and "qarang". The possessive -ung marks "your"

16. پۈتۈن كۈچۈڭ بىلەن ئۇر، ئايىما.

    Pü-tün kü-chüng bi-len ur, a-yi-ma.

    Strike with all your strength, do not hold back.

    Usage

    Said by the instructor while holding the pads — both a demand for commitment and permission to give it. "Ayimaq" means to spare or go easy, so its negative imperative is exactly "do not hold back"

    Grammar Note

    A negative imperative adds -ma / -me to the stem: "ayi-" → "ayima" (do not spare). The postposition "bilen" means "with" and marks the means

17. بەش مىنۇت ئارام ئال، سۇ ئىچ.

    Besh mi-nut a-ram al, su ich.

    Rest for five minutes and drink some water.

    Usage

    Said by the instructor. The dry climate evaporates sweat fast and makes dehydration easy to miss, so water breaks are called often. Bring your own bottle. If you are offered tea ("chay") afterwards, accepting is the courteous move

    Grammar Note

    "Aram almaq" literally takes rest and means to rest. After a numeral the noun stays singular with no plural suffix: "besh minut"

18. بۈگۈنگە بولدى. ياخشى قىلدىڭ!

    Bü-gün-ge bol-di. Yakh-shi qil-ding!

    That's it for today. You did well!

    Usage

    Said by the instructor to close the session. Answer with "rehmet" (thank you). Placing your right hand on your chest with a small bow is the local gesture of respect and goes down well with an instructor. Tipping is not a custom

    Grammar Note

    "Boldi" literally means "it became" but on its own signals "that's it, we are done". The past is stem plus -di and a personal ending; the second-person singular adds -ng, giving "qilding"

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